He aha ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi: ʻO ka pākaukau Lithium a i ʻole ka pākaukau kiʻekiʻe?
Ua hoʻouna mai kekahi o kā mākou hui kūʻai i kēia nīnau hulina i ka pule i hala. Ke nīnau mau nei nā luna kūʻai, no laila pono mākou e hoʻoponopono pololei.
ʻO ka "Lithium" ka kemika. ʻO ka "hiki kiʻekiʻe" ka nui. Hiki i ka pākaukau ke lilo i-ka hapa nui o nā mea maika'i. Akā ʻike wau i ke kumu e piʻi mau ai kēia nīnau. Ke nānā nei ʻoe i nā huaʻōlelo, ʻōlelo kekahi "lithium 500Ah" ma $15,000, ʻōlelo kekahi "kiʻekiʻe 1000Ah" ma $8,000. ʻO ka lua e like me ka pālua o ka pākaukau no ka hapalua o ke kumukūʻai.
ʻAʻole ia. Inā kūʻai ʻoe ma muli o kēlā loiloi, e noʻonoʻo ʻoe i ke kumu ma kahi o 8 mau mahina ke kūʻai nei ʻoe i nā mea pani.
ʻO ka helu kaha ma ka lepili
Ua noho au ma nā hālāwai he nui kahi e huki ai kekahi i kahi pepa kikoʻī a kuhikuhi i ka helu Ah e like me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa.
ʻAʻole hiki i ka -acid ke hāʻawi i ka mana helu me ka luku ʻole iā ia iho. 50% ka hohonu o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ka palena kūpono inā makemake ʻoe i ke ola kūpono. Hāʻawi ʻia kāu ʻeke 1000Ah -acid iā ʻoe i 500Ah. Hoʻohana ʻo LFP i 80-90% DOD maʻamau-ʻo kahi pūʻolo 500Ah hāʻawi i 400-450Ah i kēlā me kēia lā no 8-10 mau makahiki.
Ua hoʻopaʻa hou mākou i kahi hale kūʻai paʻa hau ma Guangdong i ka makahiki i hala. 800Ah lead-acid ma nā kaʻa hiki, 3 mau hola holo ma -18 degere ma mua o ka hoʻololi ʻana. Hoʻokomo mākou i 600Ah LFP me nā hola hoʻomehana . 6.5. Nā kaʻa like, nā ala like. Ua emi iho ka papa inoa he 25%, aneane pālua ka ikehu hoohana maoli.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke anuanu. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo China Battery Industry Association (cbea.com) i kēia-LFP he 67% ka mana ma -20 degere, ke kēpau-akā hāʻule i ka 40-50%. E hoʻopaʻa i kēlā ma luna o ka palena hoʻokuʻu a hāʻawi ʻia kāu "kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe" lead-acid iā ʻoe i 20-25% o ka ʻōlelo a ka lepili.
ʻO ka pahele ʻē aʻe
ʻElua pahu lithium, hoʻohālike like, ka mana helu like. E hoʻāʻo ʻoe iā lākou. He 660mAh ka Pack A. He 605mAh ka Pack B.
E holo iā lākou no 50-100 cycles. Hāʻule ka Pack A i 580mAh a hāʻule. Paʻa ka Pack B ma 590mAh.
Loaʻa i ka Pack A nā mea hoʻohui electrode e hoʻoikaika i nā helu mua akā e hoʻopaʻa i ka paʻa -lōʻihi. ʻO ka hana maʻamau, ʻoi aku hoʻi mai nā mea hoʻolako e hoʻokūkū ana i ke kumukūʻai.
Pehea e hopu ai:
e noi i ka ʻikepili ola pōʻaiapuni ma kou hohonu maoli o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, ʻaʻole kā lākou. Kuhi lākou i 3000 cycles ma 50% DOD. Ke hoʻohana nei ʻoe i 80% i kēlā me kēia lā. He aha ka helu?
Hoʻokahi metric mai kekahi ʻenekinia ma Shenzhen-ma hope o 2 mau makahiki, pono e noho ma lalo o 30mV ka ʻokoʻa uila uila. ʻOi aku ka laulā ma mua o ia mea, ʻo ia hoʻi ka maikaʻi ʻole o ke kelepona ʻana a i ʻole ke kaulike BMS kūpono ʻole.
LFP vs NMC vs LTO
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ikehu ka nui o ka NMC. 150-250 Wh/kg ma mua o 90-160 no LFP.
LFP (Lithium Iron Phosphate)
Holoi wela:~270 degere
Ke ola pōʻaiapuni:2000-4000
NMC (Nickel Manganese Cobalt)
Holoi wela:~210 degere
Ke ola pōʻaiapuni:1000-1500
ʻO kēlā ʻāpana 60-degere ke kumu i neʻe aku ai nā mea hana forklift Kelemania mai NMC. Hoʻokahi ka nānā ʻana mai gabelstapler-mittendorf.com-NMC pūnaewele he pilikia pahū ma ke komo ʻana a me ka wela nui ʻole i loaʻa iā LFP. He 1000-1500 ke ola pōʻaiapuni NMC. He 2000-4000 ka LFP.
ʻO ka LTO ka hoʻokoe. 10,000+ mau pōʻaiapuni, hoʻopiʻi i loko o 10 mau minuke, hana i ka -40 degere. Hoʻohana ʻo Komatsu a me Toyota L&F ma Iapana no ke kaulahao anu. Akā, $150-200/kWh me $70-100 no LFP. Maikaʻi wale inā ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka wā haʻahaʻa.
No 90% o nā noi forklift: LFP. Inā koi kekahi iā NMC no ka mālama ʻana i nā mea, e nīnau iā lākou no ke aha.
Ka Mahele Dala
ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka LFP ma mua o ka . 48V pack he $14,000-18,000. Lead-acid he $6,000-9,000.
Akā, ʻo ka nui-ke kēpau{1}}ʻakika, ʻo ia hoʻi, he 3 mau ʻaniani no kēlā me kēia kaʻa. ʻO ia ka $18,000-27,000 i loko o nā pila, me ka lumi pākaukau, ka ea, ka hoist, ka hana swap.
LFP: hoʻokahi pākahi. Ka uku manawa i ka wā hoʻomaha. ʻAʻohe ʻoihana hoʻololi.
Uku: 18-28 mahina.
ʻO Texas 3PL hihia, 50- mau ʻauwaʻa kalaka- $2.9 miliona mālama kālā ma mua o 8 makahiki, uku hou i ka mahina 31 (ugowork.com). ʻAʻole ikaika ka lanakila nui. Ua hoʻopau ʻia nā minuke 15-20 i kēlā me kēia swap.
Hae Ulaula
ʻAʻohe palapala kumu pūnaewele.
Inā ʻaʻole lākou e haʻi iā ʻoe no hea mai nā cell, manaʻo ʻoe ʻaʻole lākou makemake e ʻike ʻoe.
ʻAʻole maopopo nā kikoʻī BMS.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻāpana kūpono ʻole-. Inā 'a'ole hiki iā lākou ke wehewehe -ka nānā 'ilikai, pale mahana, -pa'a ha'aha'a ha'aha'a-ua kū'ai lākou i ka mea ha'aha'a loa.
Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka palapala hōʻoia i kāu hihia hoʻohana.
Waihona anu? Hoʻouka wikiwiki? E heluhelu i nā mea hoʻokuʻu. Ua ʻike au i nā palapala hoʻopaʻa i hoʻopau ʻole ʻia ma lalo o 0 degere. I nā noi kaulahao anu.
Kau ʻia ka mana ma C/20 ke huki ʻoe iā C/5.
ʻO 100Ah ma 5-amp draw ʻaʻole ia he 100Ah ma 20-amp draw. He 80Ah a emi mai paha.
Hoʻopili pili
- Hale kūʻai maʻamau, hoʻololi -nui: LFP, nui no ka uhi hoʻololi me ka palena 15-20%.
- Waihona anu: LFP me ka hoʻomehana hoʻohui, IP67 pā. Pono e loa'a i ka BMS ka laka ha'aha'a ha'aha'a -ho'opi ma lalo o 0 degere ka mea e poino mau ai ka ho'opalapala lithium.
- 24/7 me nā puka makani ʻole: LTO inā ʻae ʻia ke kālā.
- Kākoʻo/kūpono ma lalo o 100-150 pōʻaiapuni/makahiki: E hana mau paha ka ʻakika-lead inā ʻaʻole kaohi ʻia ka wahi.
Ka Pane
No ka ʻoihanaka lawelawe ʻana i nā mea e holo ana i nā hoʻololi he nui-LFP, nui no kāu hana. ʻAʻole no ka mea maʻamau. ʻO ka hoʻokele waiwai ola i kēia manawa ua hoʻoholo i kona makemake.
ʻO CATL a me BYD e paʻa ma luna o 55% o ka hana ʻana o ka pākaukau lithium honua. ʻO LFP ka māhele ulu (SNE Research ma cnevpost.com, 2024). ʻO ka ʻakika -lead i manaʻo ʻia ke kūʻai ʻo lithium i 5x ʻoi aʻe. ʻAʻole hou.
Inā ʻoe e kūʻai ana i ke kēpau-acid no ka mea kiʻekiʻe-mea hoʻohana, ke hoʻololi nei ʻoe i ka helu hewa.
Nīnau kiko'ī e pili ana i ke kaulahao anu, -pōkole kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana-hiki iā mākou ke holo i nā helu me kāu mau ʻāpana hana.
